under Italian law provides for the possibility of an investigation prior technical fulfillment of emergencies, such as the danger of deterioration or alteration of evidence, the possibility of changing places and circumstances, the need to provide accommodation and the refurbishment of the places and / or equipment, or the need for assistance of any kind, to allow the urgent restoration of the status quo ante or at least the elimination of danger or injury or broken and that has been created following the event in question.
The technical appraisal (ATP) is governed by articles 692 to 693 - 694 to 695 - 696 of the Civil Code.
Il richiedente propone ricorso avanti il Presidente del Tribunale competente per territorio, informando la controparte, secondo le modalità previste dai citati articoli.
Il Presidente del Tribunale, accolto il ricorso, provvede nelle forme stabilite degli articoli 694 e 695 a nominare un Consulente Tecnico d’Ufficio e fissa la data di comparizione dello stesso, la data di inizio delle operazioni peritali ed il termine entro il quale il CTU dovrà provvedere a depositare apposita relazione scritta.
Fino a poco tempo fa l’ATP, in quanto procedimento d’urgenza, che deve essere esperito prima del giudizio di merito e perciò prima che siano state acquisite agli atti di causa tutte le necessarie informazioni, testimonianze e documentazioni which constitute the preliminary stage of the proceedings, was responding to clearly defined technical and procedural restrictions.
Its function was limited to the mere acquisition of planimetric measurements and / or photographic documentation, intended to document the condition of the premises and / or equipment involved, without considering the merits of the technical issues, without seeking the causes of events or the lines of responsibility or joint responsibility of the parties involved, nor was it possible to CTU to express opinions, assumptions or dare personal observations, or findings of facts and events, which could somehow be seen as undue interference in fact and in circumstances still had essere provate ed acquisite agli atti istruttori.
Talvolta il Presidente del Tribunale autorizzava il CTU ad espletare prove di funzionamento ed esercizio dell’impianto o del macchinario oggetto di ATP allo scopo di meglio descriverle e di verificarne le caratteristiche ed i limiti tecnici funzionali che potessero essere in qualche modo alterati o perduti nelle more dell’iter processuale.
Già di per sé questa estensione del quesito poneva molteplici perplessità ed accese discussioni tra i Procuratori delle parti, poiché spesso veniva interpretata come un eccesso di zelo, al di fuori dello stretto ambito descrittivo che era proprio dell’ATP.
Si soleva dire che l’ATP doveva essere una semplice fotografia redatta Technical Adviser in charge, not that the same could intervene in any way making their own professional contribution of ideas, interpretations or judgments.
The new text approved by Decree Law No. 35 March 14, 2005 , converted with amendments into law May 14, 2005 No. 80 has made amendments to current legislation on civil procedure, which also include a change in the ATP.
This is a change of substance, which exceeds the previous positions and that gives the CTU appointed a task much larger, in many ways comparable to the task that was normally given in the proceedings.
recites the text of the new law:
"The technical appraisal may also include assessments of the causes and damages relating to the subject of the verification .
These few lines that completely changed the previous situation. Now the CTU can express judgments about the causes, circumstances and the dynamics of events. Because here prior have not been obtained all necessary information, evidence and documentation of evidence, it is clear that the CTU should proceed independently to obtain the documents and information required at both sides, both from third parties, playing a role investigation that is proper to the judge and that is normally done Lawyers from both parties between the parties at the site tribunalizia responsible.
It is evident the extreme delicacy of office now assigned to the CTU, which is not simply a slavish acquisition of information and documents, but must turn a full role in the investigation, making an intelligent selection and criticism of what he is offered by the parties involved, trying to keep the right equidistance between them in strict compliance with the requirements of procedural justice.
It 'good that the CTU attach to the skill, at the bottom of it, and gained all the documentation clearly showing the manner in which he obtained such documents and considered appropriate to include certain information che gli vengono fornite dalle parti, esprimendo chiaramente il metodo ed il principio in base al quale si è mosso in sede di Accertamento Tecnico Preventivo.
Una cattiva gestione delle procedure e dei metodi da parte del CTU può portare a giudizi totalmente invalidi, oltre a possibilità di confusione e di eventuale rigetto delle tesi del CTU da parte dei Procuratori delle parti.
Ing. Renzo Dusi
